The sensitivity of optogalvanic detection and the excitation of most electronic levels by the discharge make these lamps attractive also for investigating weak and excited level transitions with the use of a simple experimental setup. Sub-Doppler linewidths comparable with those achieved in atomic beams have been obtained, making a properly chosen hollow-cathode lamp a convenient tool for high-resolution spectroscopic experiments, providing wavelength references for laser frequency tuning. A Doppler background that is due to velocity-changing collisions, which may severely limit the resolution, can be greatly reduced by the choice of buffer gas. Spectra with sub-Doppler resolution of Ca i transitions at 423 (resonant), 610, 612, 616, 645, 657 (intercombination), and 672 nm were obtained by optogalvanic saturation spectroscopy in lamps filled with argon (0.6 and 2.5 Torr) and krypton (0.6 Torr). We investigated the use of hollow-cathode discharges for high-resolution and high-sensitivity spectroscopy, using atomic calcium.
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#Calcium hollow cathode lamp series
Photron's P500 / P5 Multi Element (37mm or 1.5” Diameter) series is designed for direct use in AAS systems manufactured by: GBC Scientific, Varian, Analytic Jena, Shimadzu, Hitachi, Thermo Jarrel Ash, Unicam, and other makes. Photron's P500 & P5 Multi Element (37mm or 1.5” Diameter) (A high sputtering rate will give high intensity at the expense of lamp life, sensitivity and linearity). Cathode materials and geometry achieve a combination of spectral purity and a suitable sputtering rate.Long running life and a 5 year shelf life.Rapid warm up to produce stable long term light emission.Minimal spectral interference from continuum emission, present in the cathode.
Narrow line width, for maximum sensitivity and linearity.Intense emission of resonance (ground state derived) lines.Hollow cathode lamps produced by Photron are designed and manufactured to achieve all of the following fundamental requirements for a spectral line source. Photron's P600 & P6 Multi Element HCLs: Perkin Elmer (51mm or 2").The specifications of the lamp are similar to. Photron's P500 & P5 Multi Element HCLs: All AAS systems (37mm or 1.5") For spectroscopy of Ca, a commercial see-through hollow cathode lamp (HCL), also called laser galvatron (Hamamatsu: L2783-20NE-CA) is used.Perkin Elmer (4 Pin Coded) - P600LL / P6-0000LL / P970LL Series Perkin Elmer (9 Pin Coded) - P600 / P6-0000 / P970 series Multi Element 51mm (2inch) HCL Overview Table Perkin Elmer (12 Pin Coded) - P900C Seriesĥ1mm (2") HCL - Multi Element (for Perkin Elmer) Perkin Elmer (4 Pin Coded) - P900LL Series Single Element 51mm (2inch) HCL Overview Table Thermo Fisher / Unicam (7 Pin Coded) - P500UC Seriesĥ1mm (2") HCL Lamps - Single Element (for Perkin Elmer) Multi Element 37mm (1.5inch) HCL Overview TableĪll AAS Instruments (2 Pin Uncoded) - P500 SeriesĪgilent / Varian / GBC (4 Pin Coded) - P500C Series Thermo Fisher / Unicam (7 Pin Coded) - P800UC Seriesģ7mm (1.5") HCL Lamps - Multi Element (for all AAS)
Single Element 37mm (1.5inch) HCL Overview TableĪll AAS Instruments (2 Pin Uncoded) - P800 SeriesĪgilent / Varian / GBC (4 Pin Coded) - P800C Series 37mm (1.5") HCL Lamps - Single Element (for all AAS) Hollow Cathode Lamps Super Lamps All Super Lamps 3V Uncoded Super Lamps 10V Uncoded Super Lamps 3V Coded Super Lamps 10V Coded Super Lamps Application Source Lamps 37mm (1.5') HCL Lamps - Single Element (for all AAS) Single Element 37mm (1.
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